A Transport-Constrained Gradient-Flow Description of Continuum Dislocation Dynamics

Abstract

Gradient flow frameworks are fundamental to numerous models of defect and microstructure evolution.
This work develops a gradient flow formulation for continuum dislocation dynamics, with the key distinction that the admissible rates are transport-constrained.
Using the dislocation density and compatible slip fields as the primary state variables, their admissible rates are restricted by geometric conservation laws.
The corresponding transport velocities are then selected variationally through a constrained Onsager principle.
The resulting model has both a variational gradient flow structure and consistency with the geometric dislocation conservation statement; existing models of dislocation evolution typically have either one or the other feature.

This thermodynamic structure provides a dislocation driving force that includes elastic stress contributions -- corresponding to the classical Peach--Koehler force -- as well as contributions from the core and nonconvex lattice energies.
A simplified version of the model is used to study the energetics and dynamics of an opposite-sign dislocation pair. The lattice energy keeps the cores compact, and an external applied shear either assists annihilation or, above a threshold, separates the pair.